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The flowering period is when the female plants are ready to be pollinated by the male plants. In natural conditions the bud is where the seed will form. However by removing male plants from the equation, the flowers remain unfertilized and thus seedless.
Flowering is induced once your plant has reached the desired size. When you have decided to initiate flowering you must change the photo period to imitate what the lighting conditions would be in the plant’s natural setting – that means 12 hours of light and 12 hours of dark.