Al-Nassr players, including Ronaldo, were incensed by the altercation as both sets of players came together in the closing stages of an ill-tempered tie. Remarkably, the 33-year-old escaped a red card despite his central role in the scuffle, while Hazazi was dismissed by the referee.
His old Reds colleague Sadio Mane scored an extra-time winner to send the Cristiano Ronaldo-led squad to the quarter-finals, but Henderson's actions at the end of regular time grabbed the headlines.
Following a trip on Al-Nassr forward Otavio, by Al-Ettifaq midfielder Ali Hazazi, Henderson forcefully backed up his team-mate and twice shoved the Portuguese international to the ground.
Al-Nassr players, including Ronaldo, were incensed by the altercation as both sets of players came together in the closing stages of an ill-tempered tie.
Remarkably, the 33-year-old escaped a red card despite his central role in the scuffle, while Hazazi was dismissed by the referee.
After the final whistle, an irate Ronaldo could be seen confronting Henderson, who sought to calm down the five-time Ballon d'Or winner.
Al-Nassr, who had earlier seen forward Talisca sent off in first-half stoppage time, eventually had the last laugh as Mane netted to send them through.
The win extended the Riyadh-based side's unbeaten run to 15 games in all competitions this season. They sit four points behind table-toppers Al-Hilal after 11 games.
Al-Ettifaq, who are managed by Liverpool legend Steven Gerrard, have not fared as well this term and are seventh in the standings.