'हा' लढा लढलो नसतो तर हातची गेली असती मुंबई! | Samyukta Maharashtra -1st May Maharashtra Day | Ep.04

Lokmat 2021-09-13

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'हा' लढा लढलो नसतो तर हातची गेली असती मुंबई!
The Samyukta Maharashtra movement was not an ordinary movement. It was fought extraordinarily for a period of almost 5 years. The impact of the movement was so tremendous that the ruling party and the political leaders were exposed. The movement involved common man with the huge participation by women. The movement was led by the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti, which comprised of four main parties – the Communist Party, the Praja Samajwadi Party, the Peasants and Workers Party as also the Republican Party.

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106 People Sacrificed Life
The movement became aggressive. All workers, schools and colleges, banks and offices participated in the strike. There were curfew orders everywhere. 7 people died in police firing in Pune, Nashik, Kolhapur, Belgaum and Nipani.
During the period from 16 to 22nd January, 90 people died. Overall 106 people sacrificed their life, including the 16 died in November. Around 10,000 satyagrahis were arrested.
In the middle of 1959, President Dr. Rajendra Prasad decided to form separate region for Marathi speaking Maharashtra State and Gujarati speaking Gujarat state.
At last under the leadership of Com. Dange on 1st May 1960, Maharashtra was formed along with Mumbai. Unfortunately Goa, Belgaum and Karwar were separated.
In the memory of 106 sacrificed lives, Hutatma Smarak was built at Flora Fountain.

Nehru was shown black flag
Jawaharlal Nehru was going to attend the Congress Committee meeting in June. At the airport he was received with black flags. In the meeting, he declared that Mumbai will remain Union territory for 5 years. As a reaction to this, people greeted him with black flag in a public speech at Chowpatty. He addressed the demonstrators as Shameless and Disloyal. The crowd got furious and police had to release tear gas. In the firing incident, one of the activist Shri Ghadigaonkar died. Soon Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti gathered with a huge crowd at Shivaji Park and pledged that ‘Samyukta Maharashtra should be formed along with Mumbai and the sacrifice of the people won’t go in vain’.

The Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti achieved its goal on 1 May 1960, when the State of Bombay was partitioned into the Marathi-speaking State of Maharashtra and the Gujarati-speaking State of Gujarat. However Goa (then a Portuguese colony), Belgaum, Karwar and adjoining areas, which were also part of the Maharashtra envisaged by the Samiti, were not included in Maharashtra state. The prominent leaders of sanyukt maharashtra samiti decided to quit samiti after 1 May 1960, but the then chairman of the samiti Bhai Uddhavrao Patil continued his fight for the 862 Marathi-speaking villages of Karnataka that were excluded in 1960.

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