At least nine people are dead in overnight demonstrations, in clashes between ethnic Kurds and Turkish police.
The Kurds want the government to do more, to protect the Kurdish town of Kobani in Syria, from Islamic State militants.
In Adana, police fired live bullets. They say the protesters were trying to attack a police station.
In Istanbul, police used tear gas, while protesters retaliated with fireworks.
Human rights groups say at least 400 people in Kobani have died after a three-week assault by militants.
U.S.-led air strikes have so far failed to stop them.
With Kobani about to fall, the Kurds hope Turkey will finally join the international coalition to fight the jihadists.
The fight in Kobani against Islamist militants has become a rallying point for Turkey's Kurdish community.
They partly blame Ankara for Islamic State gaining power.